{"id":5029,"date":"2024-09-18T17:24:46","date_gmt":"2024-09-18T17:24:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/?p=5029"},"modified":"2026-01-10T08:34:35","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T08:34:35","slug":"carriage-paid-to-cptshipping-incoterm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/carriage-paid-to-cptshipping-incoterm\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Carriage Paid To (CPT) in International Trade? [Beginners Guide 2026]"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00deegar fari\u00f0 er \u00fat \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skipti er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 skilja hlutverk og \u00e1byrg\u00f0 seljanda og kaupanda. Einn af lykil\u00fe\u00e1ttum allra vi\u00f0skipta er afhending v\u00f6ru og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fear sem Incoterms koma vi\u00f0 s\u00f6gu. Ef \u00fe\u00fa ert n\u00fdr \u00ed heimi al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skipta g\u00e6tir\u00f0u hafa rekist \u00e1 hugtaki\u00f0. Flutningur greiddur til (CPT)<\/strong>, en hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir \u00fea\u00f0 og hvernig hefur \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 vi\u00f0skipti \u00fe\u00edn? \u00cd \u00feessari handb\u00f3k munum vi\u00f0 sundurli\u00f0a CPT \u00e1 einfaldan og sk\u00fdran h\u00e1tt fyrir byrjendur, sem hj\u00e1lpar \u00fe\u00e9r a\u00f0 sigla \u00ed gegnum al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skipti af \u00f6ryggi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hva\u00f0 er flutningsgrei\u00f0sla (CPT)?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Flutningskostna\u00f0ur (e. Carriage Paid To, CPT) er hugtak sem nota\u00f0 er \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skiptum \u00fear sem seljandi grei\u00f0ir fyrir flutning v\u00f6runnar \u00e1 tiltekinn \u00e1fangasta\u00f0. Seljandinn grei\u00f0ir kostna\u00f0inn \u00fear til varan er afhent flutningsa\u00f0ilanum. \u00deegar varan er komin til flutningsa\u00f0ilans flyst \u00e1h\u00e6ttan hins vegar yfir \u00e1 kaupanda.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CPT er almennt nota\u00f0 \u00feegar v\u00f6rur eru sendar \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avettvangi og \u00fea\u00f0 hj\u00e1lpar b\u00e6\u00f0i kaupanda og seljanda a\u00f0 skilgreina hver ber hva\u00f0a \u00e1byrg\u00f0 og kostna\u00f0 \u00e1 mismunandi stigum flutningsferlisins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hvers vegna er CPT mikilv\u00e6gt fyrir byrjendur \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skiptum?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sem byrjandi \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skiptum er lykillinn a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skilja hugt\u00f6kin sem skilgreina flutningsferli\u00f0 til a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast kostna\u00f0ars\u00f6m mist\u00f6k. Flutningur greiddur til (CPT)<\/strong> einfaldar \u00feetta me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tilgreina sk\u00fdrt hven\u00e6r seljandi ber \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 v\u00f6runum og hven\u00e6r s\u00fa \u00e1byrg\u00f0 f\u00e6rist yfir \u00e1 kaupanda. \u00deetta dregur \u00far misskilningi og hj\u00e1lpar til vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 byggja upp traust \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum yfir landam\u00e6ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Notkun CPT gerir seljandanum einnig kleift a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 um st\u00e6rstan hluta sendingarferlisins, sem getur veri\u00f0 gagnlegt fyrir kaupendur sem eru kannski ekki vel a\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00ed flutningum. Hins vegar er mikilv\u00e6gt fyrir kaupandann a\u00f0 vita hven\u00e6r hann tekur \u00e1h\u00e6ttuna til a\u00f0 taka uppl\u00fdstar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir um hluti eins og tryggingar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hva\u00f0 er CPT flutningsgrei\u00f0sla?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Samkv\u00e6mt CPT afhendir seljandi v\u00f6runa flutningsa\u00f0ila og ber \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 flutningskostna\u00f0i \u00fear til varan n\u00e6r tilgreindum \u00e1fangasta\u00f0. \u00c1h\u00e6ttan flyst \u00fe\u00f3 yfir \u00e1 kaupanda um lei\u00f0 og varan er afhent fyrsta flutningsa\u00f0ilanum, ekki \u00e1 \u00e1fangasta\u00f0num sj\u00e1lfum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u00f0 skulum brj\u00f3ta \u00feetta ni\u00f0ur skref fyrir skref:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u00c1byrg\u00f0 seljanda:<\/strong>\n
      \n
    • Seljandi ber \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6llum kostna\u00f0i sem tengist \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 koma v\u00f6runni til samkomulags um flutningsa\u00f0ila og senda hana \u00e1 \u00e1fangasta\u00f0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u00deetta felur \u00ed s\u00e9r \u00fatflutningsafgrei\u00f0slu, flutning til flutningsa\u00f0ila og sendingarkostna\u00f0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u00c1h\u00e6ttuflutningur:<\/strong>\n
        \n
      • \u00deegar v\u00f6rurnar eru komnar \u00ed v\u00f6rslu flutningsa\u00f0ilans f\u00e6rist \u00e1h\u00e6ttan fr\u00e1 seljanda til kaupanda. \u00deetta \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 fr\u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edmapunkti ber kaupandinn \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6llum skemmdum, tapi e\u00f0a \u00f6\u00f0rum vandam\u00e1lum sem kunna a\u00f0 koma upp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u00c1byrg\u00f0 kaupanda:<\/strong>\n
          \n
        • Kaupandi ber alla \u00e1h\u00e6ttu \u00feegar v\u00f6rurnar eru komnar \u00ed hendur flutningsa\u00f0ilans. \u00deetta felur \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00f6ll vandam\u00e1l me\u00f0an \u00e1 flutningi stendur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Kaupandi ber einnig \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 innflutningsgj\u00f6ldum, sk\u00f6ttum og tollafgrei\u00f0slu \u00e1 \u00e1fangasta\u00f0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          D\u00e6mi:<\/strong> Fyrirt\u00e6ki \u00ed K\u00edna selur v\u00e9lar til kaupanda \u00ed Frakklandi samkv\u00e6mt CPT. K\u00ednverski seljandinn grei\u00f0ir flutningskostna\u00f0 til hafnar \u00ed Frakklandi. Hins vegar, ef v\u00e9larnar skemmast \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00fe\u00e6r eru \u00e1 flutningi me\u00f0 skipi, ber franski kaupandinn \u00e1h\u00e6ttuna, jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt seljandinn hafi s\u00e9\u00f0 um flutninginn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Hver grei\u00f0ir tolla samkv\u00e6mt CPT Incoterms?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Einn mikilv\u00e6gasti \u00fe\u00e1tturinn sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 skilja \u00ed \u00f6llum al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum vi\u00f0skiptasamningum er hver s\u00e9r um tolla og innflutningsgj\u00f6ld. Samkv\u00e6mt CPT ber kaupandinn \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 tollum, innflutningsgj\u00f6ldum og \u00f6\u00f0rum gj\u00f6ldum sem tengjast innflutningi v\u00f6runnar \u00feegar h\u00fan kemur til \u00e1fangasta\u00f0arlandsins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 seljandi beri \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 tollafgrei\u00f0slu v\u00f6runnar til \u00fatflutnings \u00ed eigin landi, ver\u00f0ur kaupandinn a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 um tollafgrei\u00f0slu \u00ed innflutningslandinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          D\u00e6mi:<\/strong> Ef fyrirt\u00e6ki \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum kaupir v\u00f6rur fr\u00e1 seljanda \u00ed Japan samkv\u00e6mt CPT-samningi, mun japanski seljandinn tryggja a\u00f0 v\u00f6rurnar s\u00e9u fluttar \u00fat l\u00f6glega fr\u00e1 Japan. Hins vegar ber bandar\u00edski kaupandinn \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6llum innflutningsgj\u00f6ldum, sk\u00f6ttum og tollafgrei\u00f0slu \u00feegar v\u00f6rurnar koma til Bandar\u00edkjanna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Hvernig er CPT fr\u00e1brug\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum Incoterms?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          CPT er a\u00f0eins einn af nokkrum Incoterms sem skilgreina \u00e1byrg\u00f0 kaupenda og seljenda \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skiptum. Svona ber hann sig saman vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra algengu Incoterms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. CPT \u00e1 m\u00f3ti CIF (kostna\u00f0ur, tryggingar og flutningur):<\/strong>\n
              \n
            • Samkv\u00e6mt CIF-samningnum ber seljandi einnig \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 kaupa tryggingar fyrir v\u00f6rurnar \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00fe\u00e6r eru \u00ed flutningi, auk \u00feess a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a flutningskostna\u00f0. \u00cd CPT-samningnum ver\u00f0ur kaupandinn a\u00f0 \u00fatvega tryggingar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • CPT vs. DDP (Delivered Duty Paid):<\/strong>\n
                \n
              • \u00cd DDP ber seljandi \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6llum kostna\u00f0i, \u00fear me\u00f0 tali\u00f0 tollum og sk\u00f6ttum, \u00fear til varan kemur til kaupanda. CPT n\u00e6r a\u00f0eins yfir flutning \u00e1 tilgreindan sta\u00f0 og kaupandinn annast tollana.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • CPT vs. FOB (fr\u00edtt um bor\u00f0):<\/strong>\n
                  \n
                • FOB-\u00e1h\u00e6ttan flyst yfir \u00e1 kaupanda \u00feegar v\u00f6rurnar eru settar um bor\u00f0 \u00ed skip, en \u00ed CPT-kaupum flyst \u00e1h\u00e6ttan yfir \u00feegar v\u00f6rurnar eru afhentar fyrsta flutningsa\u00f0ila (sem g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 fyrr, til d\u00e6mis \u00feegar v\u00f6rurnar yfirgefa starfsst\u00f6\u00f0 seljanda).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                  A\u00f0 skilja \u00feennan mun er lykilatri\u00f0i til a\u00f0 taka uppl\u00fdstar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir um hva\u00f0a Incoterm \u00e1 a\u00f0 nota \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum \u00fe\u00ednum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Hvert er hlutverk kaupanda \u00ed CPT?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 seljandi sj\u00e1i um megni\u00f0 af flutningum samkv\u00e6mt CPT, \u00fe\u00e1 ber kaupandinn samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur mikilv\u00e6ga \u00e1byrg\u00f0. \u00deegar v\u00f6rurnar eru komnar \u00ed hendur flutningsa\u00f0ila ber kaupandinn alla \u00e1h\u00e6ttu sem tengist sendingunni. \u00deetta felur \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00fatvega tryggingar ef nau\u00f0syn krefur, me\u00f0h\u00f6ndla tolla og sj\u00e1 um annan kostna\u00f0 sem kann a\u00f0 koma upp \u00feegar v\u00f6rurnar eru \u00ed flutningi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Helstu \u00e1byrg\u00f0 kaupanda:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  1. A\u00f0 taka \u00e1h\u00e6ttu:<\/strong>\n
                      \n
                    • Kaupandi ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 skilja a\u00f0 \u00feegar varan hefur veri\u00f0 afhent flutningsa\u00f0ilanum er \u00e1h\u00e6ttan hans, jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt seljandi hafi s\u00e9\u00f0 um flutninginn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Tollar og innflutningsgj\u00f6ld:<\/strong>\n
                        \n
                      • Kaupandi ber \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 v\u00f6rurnar gangi \u00ed gegnum toll \u00ed s\u00ednu landi og a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a alla innflutningsgj\u00f6ld e\u00f0a gj\u00f6ld.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Tryggingar:<\/strong>\n
                          \n
                        • Ef kaupandi vill vernda sig gegn hugsanlegu tj\u00f3ni vi\u00f0 flutning ver\u00f0ur hann a\u00f0 \u00fatvega s\u00e9r tryggingar sj\u00e1lfur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                          Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 nota CPT \u00e1 \u00e1hrifar\u00edkan h\u00e1tt \u00ed samningavi\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0um um flutninga<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                          Fyrir byrjendur \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skiptum getur notkun CPT \u00e1 \u00e1hrifar\u00edkan h\u00e1tt \u00ed samningavi\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0um veitt ykkur hugarr\u00f3, vitandi a\u00f0 seljandinn mun sj\u00e1 um megni\u00f0 af flutningunum. H\u00e9r eru nokkur r\u00e1\u00f0 til a\u00f0 nota CPT ykkur \u00ed hag:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \n
                          1. Skilgreindu afhendingarsta\u00f0inn sk\u00fdrt:<\/strong>\n
                              \n
                            • \u00deegar sami\u00f0 er um CPT-samning skal ganga \u00far skugga um a\u00f0 afhendingarsta\u00f0ur s\u00e9 sk\u00fdrt skilgreindur. \u00deetta mun hj\u00e1lpa b\u00e1\u00f0um a\u00f0ilum a\u00f0 skilja n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega hven\u00e6r \u00e1byrg\u00f0 og \u00e1h\u00e6tta f\u00e6rist fr\u00e1 seljanda til kaupanda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • \u00cdhuga\u00f0u tryggingar:<\/strong>\n
                                \n
                              • \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 seljandi veiti ekki tryggingar samkv\u00e6mt CPT, \u00e6ttir \u00fe\u00fa sem kaupandi a\u00f0 \u00edhuga a\u00f0 kaupa tryggingar til a\u00f0 vernda \u00feig gegn hugsanlegu tj\u00f3ni.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • Skilja allan kostna\u00f0inn:<\/strong>\n
                                  \n
                                • \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 seljandi sj\u00e1i um flutningskostna\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt CPT, vertu viss um a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa s\u00e9rt me\u00f0vita\u00f0ur um allan vi\u00f0b\u00f3tarkostna\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00fa \u00fearft a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a, svo sem innflutningsgj\u00f6ld, skatta og tollafgrei\u00f0slugj\u00f6ld.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                • Samskipti:<\/strong>\n
                                    \n
                                  • Haldi\u00f0 opnu samskiptum vi\u00f0 seljanda til a\u00f0 tryggja grei\u00f0a afhendingu og vera me\u00f0vita\u00f0ur um hugsanlega \u00e1h\u00e6ttu me\u00f0an \u00e1 sendingarferlinu stendur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                    Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                                    \u00cd stuttu m\u00e1li, Flutningur greiddur til (CPT)<\/strong> er Incoterm sem hj\u00e1lpar til vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 skilgreina \u00e1byrg\u00f0 og \u00e1h\u00e6ttu milli kaupanda og seljanda \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skiptum. Fyrir byrjendur er CPT gagnlegt hugtak \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 gerir seljandanum kleift a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 fl\u00e6kjustig al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legra flutninga, en skilgreinir jafnframt sk\u00fdrt hven\u00e6r \u00e1byrg\u00f0in flyst yfir \u00e1 kaupanda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skilja hven\u00e6r \u00e1h\u00e6ttan flyst yfir og \u00feekkja skyldur \u00fe\u00ednar sem kaupandi e\u00f0a seljandi getur\u00f0u fari\u00f0 \u00ed gegnum al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega vi\u00f0skiptasamninga af \u00f6ryggi. Mundu bara a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 CPT geti einfalda\u00f0 suma \u00fe\u00e6tti vi\u00f0skipta, getur sk\u00fdr samskipti og kaup \u00e1 r\u00e9ttum tryggingum hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9r a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast \u00f3v\u00e6ntar upp\u00e1komur.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                    \u00deegar fari\u00f0 er \u00fat \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0avi\u00f0skipti er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 skilja hlutverk og \u00e1byrg\u00f0 seljanda og kaupanda. Einn af lykil\u00fe\u00e1ttum allra vi\u00f0skipta er afhending v\u00f6ru og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fear sem Incoterms koma vi\u00f0 s\u00f6gu. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5073,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5029","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5029"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5029\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10533,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5029\/revisions\/10533"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5073"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5029"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5029"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5029"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}