米国の貨物運送業者への中国
究極のガイド
Shipping From China to the United States: Ultimate Guide (2025 Updated)
目次
Based on the latest customs data for 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and the United States reached $504.4 billion from January to September, marking a 2.3% increase compared to the same period in the previous year. China exported goods worth $381.1 billion to the U.S., a year-over-year growth of 2.8%, while imports from the U.S. totaled $123.3 billion, up 0.7%. Major exports to the United States include electronics, machinery, textiles, and consumer goods.
For U.S. importers, sourcing products from China offers several advantages, including cost-effective pricing, robust manufacturing capabilities, and an extensive variety of products. However, navigating international trade can be complex, requiring a comprehensive understanding of shipping processes to optimize costs and avoid common challenges.
This guide aims to provide U.S. importers with a detailed overview of the shipping process from China to the United States. It includes insights into various freight options, cost structures, customs clearance procedures, and essential tips for smooth operations. By following this guide, you can make well-informed decisions, minimize expenses, and ensure the timely and secure delivery of your goods.
Freight Shipping Cost from China to the United States
When shipping goods from China to the United States, there are three main freight options to consider: 航空貨物, 海上貨物, and Express Shipping. Each method comes with its own cost structure, transit times, and use cases, allowing businesses to choose based on their specific requirements such as budget, urgency, and cargo type.
Below is an overview of these shipping methods, along with their approximate price ranges and transit times in 2024:
航空貨物輸送: Suitable for time-sensitive and high-value goods, air freight is faster than sea freight but comes at a higher cost. Transit times typically range from 5 to 10 days, with costs averaging between 1キログラム当たり$4と$6 for shipments over 1000 kg.
海上貨物輸送: The most cost-effective option for large volumes, sea freight is ideal for heavy and non-urgent cargo. Transit times vary from 20 to 40 days, depending on the port of origin and destination, with Full Container Load (FCL) pricing starting at $3,000 per 20-foot container.
エクスプレス輸送: Offered by carriers such as DHL, FedEx, and UPS, express shipping is designed for small and urgent parcels. Transit times are 3～5日, with costs ranging from $7 to $10 per kilogram depending on the carrier and service level.
Air Freight Shipping Cost from China to the United States
Air freight is often the preferred choice for businesses with urgent shipments or high-value items. It offers faster delivery times compared to sea freight and better rates for bulk shipments over 1000 kg. In 2024, the average air freight rates for shipping from China to the U.S. range between $4 and $6 per kg for large shipments. Transit times are typically between 5 and 10 days depending on the route and airport.
Here’s a detailed cost breakdown:
| 出荷モード | 測定単位 | 価格帯（米ドル） | トランジットタイム |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air Freight (1000 kg+) to LAX | kgあたり | $4 – $5 | 5～7日 |
| Air Freight (1000 kg+) to JFK | kgあたり | $5 – $6 | 6～8日 |
| Air Freight (1000 kg+) to ORD | kgあたり | $4.5 – $5.5 | 7～10日 |
航空貨物の利点と欠点
メリット
- スピード: Air freight is the fastest shipping method, reducing transit times significantly compared to sea freight.
- 信頼性: Airlines operate on fixed schedules, making air freight a dependable choice for time-sensitive shipments.
- 安全性: The secure handling and limited exposure to environmental conditions reduce the risk of damage.
デメリット
- コスト: Air freight is more expensive than sea freight and express shipping, making it less suitable for low-value items.
- 定員: Aircraft have weight and space restrictions, limiting the types of goods that can be shipped.
Best Use Cases:
- High-value electronics and machinery.
- Time-sensitive fashion or seasonal goods.
- Pharmaceutical products requiring quick delivery.
Sea Freight Shipping Cost from China to the United States
Sea freight is the most economical shipping method for large-volume and heavy cargo, making it the go-to choice for U.S. importers dealing with bulk goods. Although it has longer transit times compared to air freight, it offers significantly lower costs, especially for Full Container Load (FCL) shipments.
In 2024, the cost of sea freight from China to the United States varies based on the type of container, shipping route, and demand. On average, a 20フィートコンテナ 約 $3,000 to $4,000一方 40フィートコンテナ の範囲にある。 $4,500 to $6,000. Transit times typically range from 20 to 40 days, depending on the origin and destination ports.
Below is a detailed cost breakdown for FCL shipments:
| Ocean Shipping Cost From China to the U.S. | 送料（米ドル） |
|---|---|
| FCL (20-foot container) to Los Angeles (LAX) | $3,000 – $3,800 |
| FCL (40-foot container) to Los Angeles (LAX) | $4,500 – $5,800 |
| FCL (20-foot container) to New York (NYC) | $3,200 – $4,200 |
| FCL (40-foot container) to New York (NYC) | $4,800 – $6,000 |
海上貨物のメリットとデメリット
メリット
- 費用対効果: Sea freight is significantly cheaper than air freight, especially for large shipments.
- 定員: Containers can accommodate large volumes and heavy goods, providing flexibility for bulk shipments.
- 環境にやさしい: Sea freight has a lower carbon footprint per ton of cargo compared to air freight.
デメリット
- Slow Transit Times: Shipments typically take 3-6 weeks, making it unsuitable for time-sensitive cargo.
- Weather Dependency: Delays due to weather conditions or port congestion are not uncommon.
- Complex Handling: Goods require additional packaging to endure long transit times and potential handling risks.
Best Use Cases:
- Bulk consumer goods like furniture, clothing, and appliances.
- Heavy equipment and industrial machinery.
- Non-perishable items such as plastics, metals, and building materials.
Express Shipping Cost from China to the United States
Express shipping is the fastest option for transporting goods from China to the United States, ideal for small and time-sensitive shipments. Popular express carriers like DHL, FedEx, and UPS provide door-to-door services, ensuring convenience and reliability for businesses and individual importers. While express shipping costs are higher than sea and air freight, the speed and efficiency often outweigh the expense for urgent deliveries.
In 2024, the cost of express shipping ranges between $7 and $10 per kilogram, depending on the carrier, service level, and destination. Transit times are typically 3～5日, making express shipping the best choice for urgent shipments or parcels that need extra care.
Here’s a detailed cost comparison among major express carriers:
| Express Shipping Cost From China to the U.S. | 送料（USD/kg） | トランジットタイム |
|---|---|---|
| DHL | $7 – $9 | 3～5日 |
| フェデックス | $8 – $10 | 3～5日 |
| 無停電電源装置 | $7.5 – $9.5 | 3～5日 |
エクスプレス輸送のメリットと使用例
メリット
- スピード: Express shipping offers the fastest transit times, ensuring deliveries within a few days.
- 信頼性: Leading carriers provide tracking tools and secure handling, offering peace of mind for time-critical shipments.
- 利便性: Express services include door-to-door delivery, reducing logistics complexities.
- グローバル・ネットワーク: Major carriers operate extensive networks, covering even remote areas in the United States.
- 税関支援: Express carriers often provide customs clearance support, making the process hassle-free for importers.
使用例：
- Urgent business samples or prototypes.
- Small parcels requiring secure and fast delivery.
- High-value goods that demand minimal handling and quick transit.
- Seasonal or limited-time products needing immediate availability.
Door-to-Door Shipping from China to the United States
Door-to-door shipping is an all-inclusive service that simplifies the process of transporting goods from a supplier in China directly to your doorstep in the United States. This method is highly convenient as it covers every stage of the logistics process, including pickup, transportation, customs clearance, and final delivery. Businesses benefit from reduced complexity and can focus on operations without worrying about logistical details.
In 2024, door-to-door shipping options are available for Air Freight, Sea Freight, and Express Shipping, each catering to different needs. The costs vary depending on the volume, weight, and urgency of the shipment. Businesses often choose Delivery Duty Paid (DDP) services for hassle-free shipping that includes taxes, duties, and fees in the total cost.
DDP Shipping Cost From China to the United States
DDP shipping is a popular choice for importers who want to avoid managing taxes and customs procedures themselves. The cost of DDP shipping varies by mode of transport:
航空貨物DDP:
- 価格帯: $5 to $8 per kilogram for large shipments.
- トランジットタイム7-10日。
海上貨物DDP:
- 価格帯: $3,500 to $5,500 per 20-foot container.
- トランジットタイム25-40日。
エクスプレスDDP:
- 価格帯: $10 to $15 per kilogram.
- トランジットタイム: 3-5 days.
For exact pricing, we recommend contacting MBMLOG’s 24/7 online support for a tailored quote based on your shipping requirements.
How Long is DDP Shipping from China to the United States?
The transit times for DDP shipping depend on the mode of transport:
- 航空貨物7-10日。
- 海上貨物25-40日。
- エクスプレス輸送: 3-5 days.
These times include door-to-door delivery and customs clearance, making DDP an efficient choice for businesses looking to streamline their logistics.
ドアツードアサービスの利点
- Comprehensive Solution: Covers every step of the shipping process, including transportation, customs, and final delivery, reducing complexity.
- 時間節約: Eliminates the need to coordinate multiple logistics providers or handle customs directly.
- Transparency in Costs: All-inclusive pricing ensures no unexpected fees, helping businesses plan budgets effectively.
- 利便性: Frees up resources to focus on core operations, especially for small to medium-sized businesses with limited logistics expertise.
- 柔軟性: Services can be tailored to meet specific needs, including DDP, custom packaging, and special handling.
適切なドアツードアサービスを選ぶ際の主な考慮事項
- 体積と重量: Understand your shipment size to select the most cost-effective mode of transport.
- トランジットタイム: Choose a service that aligns with your delivery timeline—express for urgency, sea freight for cost efficiency.
- 税関の専門知識: Ensure the provider has strong experience with U.S. customs requirements to avoid delays.
- 信頼性: Evaluate the track record of the service provider in terms of timely delivery and customer service.
- コストの透明性: Opt for providers offering clear, upfront pricing to prevent hidden charges.
Understanding U.S. Import Tax, Duties, and VAT Costs
Importing goods from China to the United States involves understanding various taxes and duties imposed by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). These charges depend on the type of goods, their declared value, and their classification under the 関税率表(HTS). While the U.S. does not impose a standard VAT like many other countries, importers must pay customs duties, excise taxes (if applicable), and potentially Section 301 tariffs for goods subject to trade remedies.
Key Highlights:
- 関税: Typically range from 0% to 25%, depending on the product category.
- Section 301 Tariffs: Additional tariffs on specific goods imported from China, often 7.5% to 25%, primarily targeting electronics, machinery, and metals.
- 免除: Goods valued under $800 may qualify for a duty exemption under the de minimis rule.
Below is a table illustrating popular products imported from China and their estimated duty rates:
| 製品紹介 | 関税 | Section 301 Tariffs |
|---|---|---|
| Smartphones | 0% | 0% |
| Laptops | 0% | 0% |
| Apparel (clothing) | 14-32% | 0% |
| フットウェア | 8.5-67.5% | 0% |
| 家具 | 0-10% | 25% |
| おもちゃ | 0% | 0% |
| 機械 | 2-10% | 7.5-25% |
| LED lights | 3-6% | 25% |
| Automotive parts | 2.5% | 25% |
| 医療機器 | 0% | 0% |
| プラスチック | 5-6.5% | 25% |
| Aluminum products | 2.6-6.5% | 10-25% |
| Steel products | 0-2.5% | 25% |
| 化粧品 | 0-6.5% | 0% |
| Bags and suitcases | 5-20% | 0% |
Navigating Legal Compliance When Shipping to USA
Compliance with U.S. regulations is critical when importing goods from China. This includes meeting safety standards, accurate labeling, and obtaining necessary certifications. Failure to comply can lead to fines, delays, or even confiscation of goods.
Below is the requested table for the “Required Documents and Certifications”:
| Document/Certification | 説明 |
|---|---|
| コマーシャル・インボイス | Lists product details, value, and HS code. |
| 船荷証券（BOL） | Serves as proof of shipment. |
| パッキングリスト | Detailed description of the shipment. |
| 原産地証明書 | To verify product origins, particularly for duty exemptions. |
| FDA Approval | Required for food, cosmetics, and medical equipment. |
| CPSC Certification | Ensures compliance with U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission standards (e.g., toys, electronics). |
| UL or FCC Certification | Mandatory for electronic devices. |
| Section 301 Tariff Declaration | Ensures proper classification of goods subject to trade remedies. |
乗り継ぎ時間に影響を与える要因
The transit time for shipping goods from China to the United States depends on various factors, including the shipping method, weather conditions, port congestion, and customs clearance processes. Understanding these factors and implementing mitigation strategies can help minimize delays and ensure timely delivery.
Key Factors Influencing Transit Times:
発送方法
- 航空貨物 is the fastest, taking 5-10 days.
- 海上貨物 is slower, typically requiring 20-40 days depending on the route.
- エクスプレス輸送 is the fastest overall, delivering goods within 3-5 days.
Mitigation Strategy: Choose the shipping method that aligns with your delivery timeline and budget. For urgent shipments, opt for air or express services.
港の混雑：
- Major U.S. ports, such as Los Angeles and Long Beach, often experience congestion, especially during peak seasons.
Mitigation Strategy: Avoid peak shipping seasons or select alternative ports with lower traffic, such as Houston or Seattle.
Customs Clearance Delays:
- Improper documentation or misclassified goods can lead to lengthy inspections and hold-ups at customs.
Mitigation Strategy: Work with an experienced freight forwarder to ensure accurate paperwork and proper HS code classification.
天候：
- Adverse weather, such as typhoons or snowstorms, can disrupt sea and air freight schedules.
Mitigation Strategy: Monitor weather forecasts and plan shipments accordingly, building a buffer into your delivery schedule.
Holidays and Peak Seasons:
- Chinese New Year, U.S. holidays, and Black Friday/Cyber Monday sales periods often cause shipping delays due to increased demand.
Mitigation Strategy: Plan ahead for holiday rushes by booking shipments in advance and maintaining open communication with suppliers and freight forwarders.
Key Ports in China and the United States for Shipping
Shipping between China and the United States involves major ports on both sides that serve as critical hubs for global trade. Understanding these ports’ strategic importance and advantages can help businesses make informed decisions about their shipping routes.
Major Chinese Ports for Exports to the United States
China’s ports are among the busiest in the world, offering extensive infrastructure and connectivity for efficient exports. Below are some key ports in China that handle shipments to the United States:
| 中国 港湾名 | 年間スループット（TEU） | 戦略的重要性 | 主な貨物の種類 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 上海港 | 4700万ドル | Largest port globally, with strong U.S. trade links | エレクトロニクス、機械、繊維 |
| 寧波・舟山港 | 33 million | Advanced container handling, access to eastern China | Consumer goods, machinery |
| 深セン港 | 2700万ドル | Hub for tech and electronics exports | Electronics, IT components |
| 広州港 | 24 million | South China’s key logistics center | Apparel, textiles, furniture |
| 青島港 | 22 million | Efficient for northern China’s manufacturing sector | Plastics, machinery, chemicals |
Major U.S. Ports for Imports from China
The United States has several major ports that are critical entry points for goods shipped from China. These ports play a vital role in handling large volumes of imports efficiently.
| U.S. Port Name | 年間スループット（TEU） | 戦略的重要性 | 主な貨物の種類 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ロサンゼルス港 | 990万ドル | Largest U.S. port, gateway for Pacific trade | 電化製品、アパレル、家具 |
| ロングビーチ港 | 8.1 million | Partnered with Los Angeles for high capacity | Machinery, textiles, auto parts |
| Port of New York/Newark | 750万ドル | Key East Coast hub for diversified cargo | Consumer goods, chemicals |
| Port of Savannah | 5.3 million | Growing port with focus on U.S. Southeast region | Apparel, furniture, food |
| Port of Houston | 4.0 million | Central hub for Gulf Coast trade | Machinery, chemicals, energy |
Key Ports Comparison: Advantages and Strategic Importance
| 国名 | ポート | メリット | 戦略的重要性 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 中国 | 上海 | Largest capacity, advanced infrastructure | Essential for large-scale exports to the U.S. |
| 中国 | 寧波・舟山 | Efficient handling, close to manufacturers | Ideal for bulk and high-volume goods |
| 米国 | ロサンゼルス | High capacity, efficient processing | Gateway to U.S. West Coast markets |
| 米国 | New York/Newark | Proximity to large population centers | Vital for East Coast trade |
| 米国 | Savannah | Expanding capacity, lower congestion | Increasingly important for Southeastern U.S. |
Major Routes from China to the United States
Shipping routes between China and the United States are critical pathways that support billions of dollars in trade annually. These routes vary depending on the shipping method (air, sea, or express), the origin and destination ports, and the specific transit requirements.
Overview of Key Shipping Routes
海上貨物ルート
- Pacific Ocean Route: This is the most common route, linking major Chinese ports like Shanghai, Ningbo, and Shenzhen to U.S. West Coast ports such as Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Oakland. Transit times typically range from 15 to 25 days.
- Panama Canal Route: For shipments to the U.S. East Coast (e.g., New York or Savannah), this route passes through the Panama Canal, with transit times of 25 to 40 days.
航空貨物のルート
- Direct flights from major Chinese cities (Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen) to U.S. hubs like Los Angeles (LAX), Chicago (ORD), and New York (JFK). Transit times are 5 to 10 days, depending on service levels.
Express Routes:
- Operated by carriers like DHL, FedEx, and UPS, express shipments use prioritized air freight routes, ensuring delivery within 3～5日 for urgent parcels.
Comparison of Major Routes
| ルート | メリット | デメリット |
|---|---|---|
| Pacific Ocean Route | Shorter sea transit times, lower costs | Congestion at West Coast ports |
| Panama Canal Route | Access to East Coast and Gulf Coast markets | Longer transit times, higher canal fees |
| 直行航空路線 | Fast delivery, suitable for high-value goods | Higher costs, limited capacity |
| Express Air Routes | Quickest option, reliable tracking | Expensive for larger shipments |
Optimal Route Selection
考慮すべき要素
- 目的地: West Coast markets are better served via Pacific Ocean routes, while East Coast destinations benefit from the Panama Canal route.
- Shipment Size and Urgency: Larger shipments with flexible timelines should opt for sea freight, while smaller, time-sensitive parcels are better suited for air or express shipping.
- コスト効率: Evaluate the trade-off between cost and speed. Sea freight is more economical for bulk goods, while express is cost-effective for smaller urgent shipments.
By understanding these routes and their advantages, businesses can choose the most efficient option to align with their logistics and budget requirements.
How to Ship from China to the United States: A Step-by-Step Guide
Shipping goods from China to the United States involves several critical steps. From preparing your shipment to navigating customs clearance and final delivery, following a structured approach ensures smooth and efficient logistics. Below is a detailed step-by-step guide to help you manage the shipping process effectively.
ステップ1：出荷の準備
Proper preparation ensures that your goods are shipped without delays or complications.
ドキュメンテーション:
- コマーシャル・インボイス: Details of the shipment, including product descriptions, value, and HS code.
- パッキングリスト: Specifies the quantity, weight, and dimensions of each package.
- 原産地証明書: Required for certain products to verify their origin.
パッケージング:
- Use durable materials to protect your goods during transit.
- Label packages clearly with handling instructions (e.g., “Fragile” or “This Side Up”).
ラベリング:
- Include the consignee’s name and address, shipment details, and barcodes (if applicable).
- Ensure compliance with U.S. labeling requirements, especially for regulated items.
Step 2: Choosing the Right Shipping Mode
Select a shipping mode that aligns with your budget, timeline, and cargo type:
- 航空貨物: For time-sensitive and high-value goods.
- 海上貨物: For large, heavy shipments or cost-conscious businesses.
- エクスプレス輸送: For small, urgent parcels needing quick delivery.
- ドアツードアの配送: For complete convenience, including customs clearance.
Step 3: Navigating Customs and Tracking Your Shipment
U.S. Customs clearance is a critical stage of the process.
税関申告書:
- Provide accurate product descriptions and values to avoid delays.
- Ensure compliance with U.S. tariff and import regulations, including Section 301 duties.
関税と税金:
- Calculate applicable duties and tariffs based on the product classification under the 関税率表(HTS).
- Pay duties promptly to prevent shipment holds.
貨物の追跡:
- Use tracking tools provided by your freight forwarder or carrier to monitor your shipment’s status in real-time.
Step 4: Restricted & Prohibited Items Shipping from China to the United States
Certain items are restricted or prohibited from being imported into the United States. Ensure that your products are compliant with U.S. regulations.
| 製品タイプ | Restriction | Additional Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 偽造品 | 禁止 | Includes fake branded items |
| 医薬品 | 制限あり | Requires FDA approval |
| リチウム電池 | 制限あり | Must comply with packaging standards |
| 銃器と弾薬 | 禁止 | Subject to ATF regulations |
| フード＆ドリンク | 制限あり | Requires FDA inspection and labeling |
| 危険物 | 制限あり | Requires special permits and labeling |
| ワイルドライフ製品 | 禁止 | Includes ivory, coral, and certain animal skins |
| 文化財 | 制限あり | Subject to U.S. cultural property laws |
| Toys and Baby Products | 制限あり | Must comply with CPSIA safety standards |
By following these steps, you can minimize delays, ensure compliance with U.S. regulations, and streamline your shipping process.
Let me know if you’d like me to proceed with the FAQ: Shipping from China to the United States, or make adjustments to this section!
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