{"id":5054,"date":"2024-09-19T15:41:55","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T15:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/?p=5054"},"modified":"2026-01-10T08:34:24","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T08:34:24","slug":"fca-incoterms-2026-fca-shipping-terms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/fca-incoterms-2026-fca-shipping-terms\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterms FCA 2026 & \u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n FCA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a su\u00f4n s\u1ebb qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ean, qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c nhau, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n trong m\u1ed7i giao d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t. Incoterms<\/strong> (C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterms ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 FCA (H\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed)<\/strong>Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA Incoterm m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Incoterms l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 FCA, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u FCA l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Incoterms<\/strong> Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Incoterms<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u1edfi Ph\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ICC)<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00eau r\u00f5 ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi giao d\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thanh to\u00e1n, ai g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao cho ai. Incoterms gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Ai s\u1ebd s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 chi tr\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • R\u1ee7i ro chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 tranh ch\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Incoterms trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00f3 11. Incoterms<\/strong> Nh\u00ecn chung, m\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong khi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. FCA<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterms \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u1ea5t, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i giao d\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    FCA Incoterm l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    FCA (H\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed)<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterm quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n. Sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n giao h\u00e0ng cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau, r\u1ee7i ro m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua. Sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan t\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a FCA:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n<\/strong>:\n
        \n
      • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a sao cho an to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thu x\u1ebfp th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (\u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trung t\u00e2m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, kho h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/strong>:\n
          \n
        • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua t\u1ef1 thu x\u1ebfp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecdi r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n do h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan, thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          FCA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qua nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a FCA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA Incoterm, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch FCA \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ra kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean<\/strong>\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kho c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n, c\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecdi r\u1ee7i ro k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y tr\u1edf \u0111i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 r\u1ee7i ro m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          B\u00ean mua hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 lo th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thanh to\u00e1n m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf, ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng FCA \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          C\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA Incoterm, v\u00ec n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          D\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          1. Gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh, v\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro chuy\u1ec3n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. Logistics \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a<\/strong>V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 lo th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, h\u1ecd tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. Chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/strong>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua s\u1edbm, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i cao.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            D\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            1. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/strong>FCA (Federal Account Assessment) cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u01b0a th\u00edch, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n gi\u00e1 c\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>FCA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i n\u00e0o, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u1ea7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ngay khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              Khi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng FCA?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              \u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA Incoterm \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 FCA l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a trong container<\/strong>FCA ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong container. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng container ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c, n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              2. V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c<\/strong>N\u1ebfu l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n), FCA cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n giao h\u00e0ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              3. S\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/strong>FCA (Customer Account Account) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              4. H\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n t\u1ef1 lo th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan<\/strong>FCA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng quan xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u cho h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp theo cho ch\u1eb7ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                FCA so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterms th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 FCA, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterms ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                FCA so v\u1edbi FOB (Free On Board)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

                FOB (Free On Board) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterm ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FOB, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m giao h\u00e0ng cho t\u00e0u t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng. R\u1ee7i ro chuy\u1ec3n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ngay khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t l\u00ean t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • FCA<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, trong khi FOB<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • TRONG FOB<\/strong>R\u1ee7i ro chuy\u1ec3n giao t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng l\u00ean t\u00e0u, trong khi \u0111\u00f3... FCA<\/strong>N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm h\u01a1n trong quy tr\u00ecnh).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  FCA so v\u1edbi EXW (Giao h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

                  EXW (Ex Works) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterms \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao \u0111\u1ebfn kho c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 thu x\u1ebfp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecdi r\u1ee7i ro k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • TRONG EXW<\/strong>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, trong khi \u1edf FCA<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n s\u1ebd lo th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • EXW<\/strong> ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n mu\u1ed1n tham gia \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 FCA<\/strong> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    FCA so v\u1edbi DAP (Giao h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

                    Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n DAP (Giao h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m), ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • TRONG FCA<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro sau khi giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong khi \u0111\u00f3... DAP<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n s\u1ebd lo vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • DAP<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua mu\u1ed1n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 FCA<\/strong> Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      FCA v\u00e0 V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0110a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a FCA l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c<\/strong>Trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qua nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA (Front-Award Account - Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n giao h\u00e0ng cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho FCA tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng FCA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 FCA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterm thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      1. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean<\/strong>Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n hay m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      2. Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng quan. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      3. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro ngay khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      4. B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m<\/strong>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c theo FCA, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n thu x\u1ebfp b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                        Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: M\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a FCA trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                        H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 giao d\u1ecbch FCA \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n<\/strong>M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd b\u00e1n linh ki\u1ec7n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua y\u00eau c\u1ea7u giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho h\u00e0ng \u1edf Hamburg, \u0110\u1ee9c, n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd thu gom h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        1. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n<\/strong>:\n
                            \n
                          • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n thu x\u1ebfp th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho h\u00e0ng \u1edf Hamburg.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i kho, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/strong>:\n
                              \n
                            • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb kho \u1edf Hamburg.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua t\u1ef1 thu x\u1ebfp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 lo li\u1ec7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecdi r\u1ee7i ro, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 r\u1ee7i ro h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                              Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA Incoterm cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong khi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1edbm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                              C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n FCA Incoterm<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                              C\u00e2u 1: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                \n
                              • N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                C\u00e2u 2: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng FCA cho v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                  \n
                                • \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, FCA r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                  C\u00e2u 3: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa FCA v\u00e0 CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid to) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    \n
                                  • TRONG FCA<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 thu x\u1ebfp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m sau khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, CIP<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                    C\u00e2u 4: \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i sau khi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                      \n
                                    • \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau t\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. Giao ti\u1ebfp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                      B\u1ea3n t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                                      T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, FCA (H\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed)<\/strong> Incoterm l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch cho c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n. V\u1edbi FCA (FCA - Giao h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc), ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, th\u00f4ng quan xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                      Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi tham gia v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hay \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, FCA<\/strong> FCA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterm linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a FCA, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u1ea3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                      FCA (Free Carrier - Giao h\u00e0ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n Incoterm quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n giao h\u00e0ng cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5111,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5054"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10532,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5054\/revisions\/10532"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbmlog.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}