为什么要从中国进口产品？
In recent years, as the "world's factory," China has played a significant role in global consumer goods production. China's robust supply and production capabilities, along with its comprehensive infrastructure, greatly facilitate purchasers in quickly acquiring products. For visionary business owners, buying and reselling high-quality goods manufactured in China can yield substantial profits.
According to the latest data from the Chinese government's website, in the first five months of 2024, China's total import and export value reached $2.46 trillion, up 2.8%. Exports amounted to $1.4 trillion, up 2.7%; imports were $1.06 trillion, up 2.9%; and the trade surplus expanded by 1.8% to $337 billion. Since 2013, China remains the most powerful trading nation.
成本效益是从中国进口产品或制造材料的关键因素，但在开始实施这一战略之前进行研究至关重要。当公司选择从中国进口产品时，通常都是大批量进口，这自然会引起人们的担忧。然而，中国工厂拥有庞大的设备，能够轻松高效地生产大量产品。
从中国进口的过程可能很复杂，需要规划和建立关系。缺乏规划可能导致延误、错过最后期限和利润损失。
以下是您在从中国进口产品之前可以采取的七个步骤：
Step #1 - Qualifications Required & Product Restrictions
The first step to becoming a goods importer is to determine if you have the legal right to import specific products. The Chinese goods you import may be subject to certain guidelines in the destination country, so it's best to understand any applicable restrictions. China also has its own regulations, such as restrictions on exporting counterfeit designer clothing, handbags, and animal by-products. Familiarize yourself with the import and export laws of both China and your country to avoid legal issues.
| 国家 | 进口商资格要求 |
|---|---|
| 美国 | - Must have a registered business entity. - Employer Identification Number (EIN) required. - Compliance with FDA, USDA, or other relevant bodies for specific products. |
| 欧盟 | - Economic Operators Registration and Identification (EORI) number. - Must comply with EU standards and regulations. - VAT registration might be necessary. |
| 加拿大 | - Business Number (BN) required from the Canada Revenue Agency. - Must comply with Canada Border Services Agency regulations. - Specific licenses for controlled products. |
| 澳大利亚 | - Australian Business Number (ABN) required. - Compliance with Australian Customs and Border Protection regulations. - Import permits for certain goods. |
| 日本 | - Must be registered with Japanese Customs. - Compliance with Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) for specific products. - Specific import declarations and permits. |
| 中国 | - Chinese importers need to be registered with Chinese customs. - License for import according to product category. - Compliance with safety and quality inspections. |
| 印度 | - Import Export Code (IEC) required from the Directorate General of Foreign Trade. - Compliance with Indian standards for product safety and health. - Specific licenses for agricultural and textile imports. |
以下是一些需要符合法规要求的中国产品，建议在进口时避免使用：
- 肉类、家禽和动物副产品
- 种子
- 水果和蔬菜
- 化妆品、医疗产品和药品
- 任何易燃织物
- 烟草制品
- 爆炸物
- 贵金属
- 任何品牌产品，无论真假
- 酒精（无适当许可证）
- 任何类型的船只或机动车辆（未经适当许可）
One of the most critical parts of your business is finding excellent resale products. Do some research to find out which products are selling well, and it's best if you have at least some knowledge of these products. We recommend choosing from products and areas you are familiar with, as this will be more beneficial for the smooth operation of your business later on, as the cost of learning about a familiar product will be lower.
Step #2 - How to Choose Products to Import
选择正确的进口产品是一项至关重要的决定，会对企业的成功产生重大影响。以下是一些指导原则，可帮助您选择可能盈利且可持续的产品：
市场研究： 开展全面的市场调研，了解目标市场的消费者偏好和需求。寻找供不应求的市场趋势和缺口。谷歌趋势、市场研究报告和主要零售商的销售数据等工具都能提供有价值的见解。
竞争对手分析： 分析竞争对手正在进口哪些产品，以及他们是如何在市场上定位这些产品的。找出表现良好的产品，并考虑推出类似产品。同时，寻找机会使自己的产品与众不同，从而创造竞争优势。
盈利能力分析： 评估不同产品的潜在盈利能力。考虑单位成本、运输费用、进口关税和其他管理费用等因素。计算潜在的零售价和利润率，确保所选产品能带来足够的回报。
可扩展性： 考虑产品是否具有可扩展性。随着业务的增长，您需要确保产品的采购量更大，价格可能更优惠。可扩展的产品能让您更顺利地扩展业务。
季节性和趋势： Be wary of products that are highly seasonal or based on fleeting trends unless you have a clear strategy for managing such cycles. It's generally safer to start with products that have consistent year-round demand.
按照这些步骤，您可以就进口哪些产品做出明智的决定。这种战略方法将有助于最大限度地降低风险，提高进口业务盈利的可能性。
Step #3 - Find Suppliers
找到合适的供应商对于确保从中国进口产品的质量和可靠性至关重要。有几种方法可以找到并审查潜在的供应商：
要确保从中国进口的产品质量和可靠性，找到合适的供应商至关重要。以下是几种查找和审查潜在供应商的方法：
- 使用在线 B2B 贸易网站:阿里巴巴（Alibaba.com）、中国制造网（Made-in-China.com）和环球资源（Global Sources）等平台在连接买家和中国供应商方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。每个平台都提供独特的功能：
黄金供应商:阿里巴巴认证的高级会员，以可靠性和质量著称。
贸易保障:确保供应商遵守产品质量和交货期合同条款的服务。
- 经审核的供应商:该平台上的供应商要经过审核程序，包括检查营业执照和设施检查，以验证其可信度。
- 丰富的产品类别:该平台以其种类繁多的工业和制造业产品而闻名。
- 经过验证的供应商:环球资源强调透明度，向买家提供供应商能力评估和公司核查报告。
- 关注新技术:特别是电子和高科技产品，经常展示最新的创新产品。
2. 参加贸易展览:参加广交会等贸易展会和其他专业展会为我们提供了一个独特的机会：
- 亲自会见供应商:建立人际关系可以带来更好的谈判结果和长期合作关系。
- 亲身体验产品:直接评估产品质量，这对某些商品至关重要。
- 有效比较各种选择:在一个位置快速比较多个供应商提供的产品。
3. 使用谷歌搜索: Using specific keywords to search on Google, such as "Glass Bottle Manufacturer China," can reveal suppliers who may not be present on the major B2B platforms. This approach can provide:
- 直接访问公司网站:直接从供应商网站获取全面信息。
- 供应商范围更广:较小或更专业化的供应商提供的价格和独特产品可能竞争力较弱。
利用这三种方法，您可以高效地找到满足您特定业务需求的可靠供应商。每种方法都有其优势，可以结合使用，以确保彻底的审查过程。
在中国工厂、贸易公司或采购代理之间做出选择
You can choose to import directly from Chinese factories, or consider using professional trading companies or procurement agents. It's essential to understand which purchasing method best suits your business. Let's examine the pros and cons of each option presented in the table below:
| 类型 | 优势 | 缺点 |
|---|---|---|
| 工厂 | - Lower product prices due to no middleman costs - Offers OEM/ODM, customization, and packaging services | - Poor customer support - Minimum Order Quantities (MOQ) may vary based on product trends/demand |
| 贸易公司 | - Wide range of product choices - Greater control over quality assurance processes - High-quality service and strong customer support | - Generally higher product costs - Lower or no Minimum Order Quantities - Limited design options available for products |
| 采购机构 | - A better option for inexperienced beginners, as it allows you to network with trusted resources and access suppliers you might not find on your own | - Charges an introduction fee of 3% to 15% of the purchase price |
了解这些选择之间的差异，有助于您就如何以最佳方式从中国进口产品做出更明智的决定。每种方式都有其独特的优点和缺点，因此请根据您的具体需求和能力进行选择。
Step #4 - Check the Products
找到供应商后，请他们提供产品样品，以便在批量生产前直观地评估产品质量和服务。请记住，价格固然重要，但与专业友好的供应商合作更为关键。在质量相同的情况下，选择更友好的供应商，他们能及时帮你解决问题，使你的后续订单更顺利。
Step #5 - Product Classification and Tariff 编号
Now that you have your products, the next step is to classify them using a ten-digit tariff classification code. With this code, you can obtain and calculate the import duty rate. This figure can be added to the product price and shipping cost to determine what you will charge your customers, thereby making a profit. It's important to make this estimate—before you receive your first shipment, you may not have exact figures.
尽量接近成本，因为低估成本可能导致失去客户或利润。
Step #6 - Place Your Order
最低订购量和运输协议因公司而异。中国大多数公司要求最低订单量为 10,000 件。中国出口商通常要求在开始生产前支付 30% 至 50% 的首期定金（50%TT）。余款在交货时支付。
您有两种运送方式可供选择：
空运 快 (可在 3-7 天内送达全球各地)，更适合小规模货物或高价值和紧急货物，但价格较高。
海运 更适合大件物品或散装货物，也更经济。您可以选择整箱装载（FCL），即使用整个集装箱；也可以选择小于集装箱装载（LCL），即与其他货物共用空间。
如果您的货物足够大，选择整箱运输会更便宜。如果您选择海运，请确保预留充足的到货时间。 (正常海运时间约为 35-45 天）但由于海关延误、船只未按时航行或其他原因，可能会出现延误。此外，请注意，货物从工厂运到港口需要一两天的时间，正常的海关手续也需要几天时间。
Step #7 - Prepare and Wait for Shipping
您可以雇佣像 Mbmlog 这样的报关行来简化您的运输流程。我们的专家拥有 20 年的国际运输经验，将帮助您填写和提交必要的文件、估算成本、了解法规并顺利推进整个流程。如果您需要自己办理，请务必提交必要的海运进口安全声明。
您还需要提交初始进口文件，包括
- 包装清单
- 原产地证书
- 提货单
- 海关保证金
- 商业发票
当您的订单到达时，请做好支付进口税的准备，并安排好产品的提货和运输。此外，还要检查货物是否损坏，并联系供应商告知货物已到。
对于初学者来说，最初的过程可能令人生畏，但进口和销售中国产品可能是一项利润丰厚的业务，对您来说也是一个非常明智的选择。
Just do your research and expect some bumps along the way. Take it step by step, don't be afraid to communicate with others, and ask questions. Everyone needs a starting point, and with a bit of experience, your business can thrive.
Step #8 - Make Payments to China
A significant part of importing is that you need to send money to China to your suppliers. This means if you buy Renminbi and pay your Chinese suppliers with it, you'll find yourself in a stronger position to negotiate better deals. You're providing your Chinese suppliers with a currency that is not only stronger but also usable in their own country.
结论
When importing products from China, it's crucial to understand the necessary steps to ensure your business is not only successful but sustainable. Understanding the procurement process in China is worth every minute you invest. It can help you make wise investments, maintain healthy sales, and build good relationships with suppliers.
